Skip to Main Content

APA GENERAL FORMAT: COURSE NOTES AND LECTURES

COURSE NOTES AND LECTURES

Classroom or Intranet Resources (covered in Section 8.8) of the APA Publication Manual, 7th Seventh Edition

How accessible or recoverable the works you use in your paper are to certain audiences determines how they should be cited.

Is the work accessible to anyone? Does it require a login?

Author Last Name, Author’s Initials. (Date). Title of PowerPoint [PowerPoint slides]. Publisher. URL

Blanke, J. (n.d.). Bluebook citation [PowerPoint slides]. Mercer University. http://ssbea.mercer.edu/blanke/BluebookCitation.ppt


If PowerPoint slides or lecture notes come from an online classroom or other online learning platform (e.g., Moodle, Sakai, Blackboard) that requires a login to access and the audience you are writing for has access to it (e.g., instructor or fellow students), then provide the name of the classroom website or online learning platform and use the login page URL.

Blanke, J. (n.d.). Bluebook citation [PowerPoint slides]. Sakai. https://login.apus.edu/padsts/login


Author Last Name, Author’s Initials. (Date). Title (if available) [Lecture notes on….]. Publisher. URL

However, if your audience is broader and will not have access to an online classroom or learning platform, then your sources should be cited as personal communications.

NOTE: Personal communications are only cited in-text, not in the References list.

In-text citation format:

Communicator’s name using initials and surname, the phrase “personal communication,” and the date of the communication.

J. B. Allen (personal communication, March 15, 2011)  

or

(J. B. Allen, personal communication, March 15, 2011)

Personal Communications (covered in Section 8.9) of the APA Publication Manual, 7th Edition